The United States Trade Representative (USTR) has exempted all forms of Brazilian coffee from a new wave of Section 301 tariffs, effectively securing an export market valued at between US$2.0 billion and US$2.5 billion annually for the world's largest coffee producer. The exemption prevents a significant cost increase that could have reached 37.5% under the combined weight of two USTR investigations, removing a major trade risk for Brazilian coffee exporters and stabilizing the supply chain for US importers. The decision means that green coffee beans, roasted coffee, and unflavored instant coffee from Brazil will not be subject to the 25% duty that has been applied to other Brazilian products such as ethanol, footwear, and certain machinery.